Audio Music Patent Litigation Expert Witness

Expert Witness No.1642

California

Education and Training

1973 Oberlin B. Mus, double degree in organ performance and music theory. Experience with analog and digital music synthesis, BASIC, FORTRAN, and MUSIC V on an IBM 360.

1973-1975 Technical University, Berlin Fulbright Scholar. Graduate-level coursework in music theory/history, audio engineering, electronics, information theory, cybernetics, Japanese. Extensive recording studio and live concert sound reinforcement experience. PDP-11 and PDP-8 assembler and machine language. Travel throughout Europe.

1975-1976 IBM Thomas Watson Foundation Grant to study electronic music, Tokyo, Japan, 1976. Live performances on piano and Roland System 700 analog synthesizer. Also travel through Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Thailand, and Hong Kong.

1985 Stanford Ph.D., CCRMA. Advisor: John Chowning. Graduate course work in music, computer architecture, assembly language processing, digital audio, acoustics, and digital hardware. Dissertation on analysis of music instruments with the short-time Fourier transforms. Software development experience listed above.

Professional Experience

1992 -Present, Larkspur, CA
Owner
Full-time independent consultant: Programming handcrafted audio and music software for signal processing, written in C, C++, JAVA, and especially assembler for digital signal processing chips. See Consulting Assignments, below.  Expert witness in patent litigation relating to audio, music, programming. See Expert Witness, below.  Recruiter filling technical positions in DSP, music, and audio.

1987-1991, Yamaha Music Technologies USA, Larkspur, CA

1989-1991:  President;  1987-1989:  Vice President
Helped establish and manage a nine-person Ph.D.-level research group, including site search, architectural design, construction, move-in, and hiring. Conducted original research on electronic musical instruments and recent technological developments.  Extensive experience designing scientific, engineering, and musical object-oriented applications, especially C++ (UNIX). Patents listed below.

1986- 1988, Larkspur, CA
Full-time Consultant
This was my first stint as a consultant. See Consulting Assignments, below.

1985 -1986, San Rafael, CA, Lucas film/Droid Works
Programmer
Full-time programming experience as an employee, designing signal-processing modules and writing (96-bit VLIW) micro code for the ASP/SoundDroid developed by James A. Moorer.  Experience in audio and video post-production. Extensive work in C (Unix).  Another six months full-time experience writing tightly packed assembly code for the TI TMS32010 DSP chip, especially for a two-channel hard-disk audio record playback unit that played without bugs on the exhibition floor of the National Association of Broadcasters convention, 1986.

1976-1985, Stanford, CA
Stanford University
Doctoral Student
Nine years programming experience-developing code in high-level languages (Algol, Fortran, SAIL) and PDP-10 assembler for musical and audio signal processing applications during doctoral thesis work.  Includes original published research in spline fitting, a 30,000-line two- and three-dimensional graphical editor for waveforms and spectra, implementation (with John Gordon) of the short-time Fourier transform, device drivers, and libraries for graphic user interfaces.  Part-time consulting work also for clients such as SRI International (FORTRAN for mechanical engineering).  Mattel Electronics (music in consumer electronic toys).  Intelli Genetics (ALGOL-like code for biotechnology).  Digital Keyboards (product specification and complete manuals for GDS and Synergy Synthesizers).

1972 -1972, Revox
Long Island, New York
Summer intern
Soldering cables, writing German- and Dutch-English translations, assembling hardware.

Consulting Assignments

1995 Present, Hamamatsu, Japan

Chair, AES standards working group SC-02-12 (formerly called SC-06-02) on digital audio via IEEE-1394 (Fire wire), with the support of Yamaha.  Involves a trip to AES conventions twice a year, including one in Europe. Past member, IEC TC100 TA4, Digital System Interfaces.  Various public appearances, for example at AES local chapter meetings, and various company site visits, on behalf of Yamaha to discuss audio over 1394 and Yamaha’s MLAN.

2006-ongoing, East Coast, USA

For a well-known provider of audio software, provide and supervise a subcontractor to port a complicated digital signal-processing algorithm into the Digidesign TDM Environment, in Motorola 56K assembler.

2006-ongoing, Bay Area, CA

For a well-known provider of audio software, provide and supervise a subcontractor to port a complicated digital signal-processing algorithm into the Digidesign TDM Environment, in Motorola 56K assembler.

2005-2006, Somerville, MA

For this well-known provider of wave tables, synthesis software, and ring tones (among others), provide and supervise subcontractors for these projects:  Design and implementation of filters for sample rate conversion;  Design and implementation of filters following the DLS-2 specification;  Port synthesizer code to Ten silica HiFi2 audio engine.

2004-Present, Petaluma, CA

For this well-known provider of audio software, provide and supervise a subcontractor to port a complicated digital signal-processing algorithm into the Digidesign TDM Environment, in Motorola 56K assembler.

2005-2005, Scotch Plains, NJ

For ARL founder Schuyler Quackenbush provide and supervise a subcontractor to design and implement a digital filter algorithm in Motorola 56K assembler.

2004-2005, San Diego, CA

Working closely with Verance R&D staff, implement the Verance Content Management System/Audio-Visual (VCMS/AV) watermarking technology for motion picture sound (www.verance.com/news/releases/ MSFT_Release_2-10-2005.pdf) in Motorola 56300 assembler in the TC Electronics M6000 environment. In use in major film studies starting early 2005. Travel at client's request to TC Electronics headquarters in Denmark to facilitate integration. Provide and supervise a subcontractor to assist with filter design, filter implementation, and other tasks. More than 30,000+ lines of 56K assembler source, several hundred pages of documentation, a dozen CD
ROMs of debugging data and lab notebooks.

2002-2004, Santa Cruz, CA

For this well-known manufacturer of audio plugins, port two audio processing algorithms (Pultec filter, LN1176 stereo compressor) from C/C++ to Motorola 563xx assembler in the DigiDesign ProTools TDM environment, including numerical approximation and streamlining the original C/C++ implementation. Publicly released 2004. Contribute extensively also to port of an extremely complicated high-end reverberator, and to another equalizer.

2003-2004, Bay Area, CA

For another well-known manufacturer of audio plugins, extensive contributions to the TDM port of a multi-band, multi-channel compressor.

2003-2004, Mountain View, CA

For this software configurable processor startup, study how to port MPEG-2 AAC and MP-3 decode reference C++ code to 16- and 32-bit integerized C. Do the same for MP-3 encode based on publicly available source. Learn their software configurable architecture well enough to write optimizations.

2003-2003, Cambridge, MA

For this major translation house, proofread German-English translations involving, among other things, audio compression (including German-language doctoral dissertations).

2003-2003, Santa Clara, CA (Audio Rendering Technology Center)

Port music synthesis algorithms to ARM7TDMI assembler, following ARM’s C calling conventions. This project ran under very tight time constraints, cost only 2/3 of the projected budget, and resulted in code that runs much faster than the original implementation.

2002-2003 Dorrough Electronics , Chatsworth, CA

Implement in C and Analog Devices Sharc 21161 assembler a novel scheme based on their patented technology to improve the perceived loudness of audio signals sent over broadcast. Provide a subcontractor who made significant contributions to filter design.

2002-2003, Santa Cruz, CA

For a major manufacturer of telecommunications hardware, help create a development environment using Texas Instruments’ C54XX, Code Composer Studio, and Reference Framework 3.

2002-2002, Japan

For an Asian manufacturer of audio chips, assemble, manage, and contribute technically to a group of US consultants to specify and help design an audio-related chip used in broadcast applications. Establish contact between the Asian client and stateside holders of appropriate licensable technology.

2002-2002, Analog Devices, Wilmington, MA (Ray Stata Technology Center)

After an on-site visit to learn more about the technology and meet the team, I made recommendations on changes to architecture for a new version of an idiosyncratic signal processing chip. I also provided code examples for the new architecture.

2001-2002, Silicon Valley, CA

For a configurable processor manufacturer in Silicon Valley, implement a highly optimized version of the modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) for audio compression. Extensive investigation of theory and variants of the MDCT.  Also port MPEG-2 low-complexity AAC decodes and MP3 encode from Fraunhofer/Thomson reference C++ code to 16-bit integerized C. Prepare various optimizations closer to the hardware than C++ usually allows.

2001-2002, Europe

For this developer of a custom processor based on ARM, investigate licensing of and make recommendations for porting AC-3, DTS, Dolby Pro Logic.

1999-2001, Berkeley Design Technology, Inc, Berkeley, CA

For BDTI’s Buyer's Guide to DSP Processors, 2001 Edition, contribute major portions of the text analyzing the Analog Devices TigerSharc, and contribute also to the analyses of Motorola 56300, 56800, and 56800E, including verification and in some cases re-writing assembly-language implementations of BDTI's benchmarks; Prepare written analyses of Hitachi SH-DSP, SH3-DSP, SH-4, and SH-5 architectures. This again included verification and in some cases re-writing assembly-language implementations of BDTI's benchmarks; Implement assembly-language routines related to multimedia compression in ARM7/ARM9 assembler; Develop and present a four-hour presentation on audio compression, given first at Embedded Processor Forum, June, 2000; contribute to a four-hour presentation on digital audio and music given by Dana Massie at the same Embedded Processor Forum; revised and presented both talks at Microprocessor Forum, October 2000; both talks revised again with emphasis on streaming audio and presented at Embedded Processor Forum, June, 2001.1995-1996

Audio Precision, 1998-1999, Portland, Oregon

Audio Precision (Portland, Oregon). For their System 2 audio measurement device, developed double-precision FFT in assembler for Motorola 56002, including (Microsoft) C code to study where to maintain double precision. Also, extensive code for AES/EBU and square wave measurement test suite, including jitter and eye pattern (assembling bit map for display in 56002 data memory space).  28K+ lines of assembler source. 1998-1999: Revise Audio Precision System 2 code for new 96 kHz Cascade hardware (Motorola 56303).

1997-1999, Euphonics (later part of 3COM), Boulder, CO

Implement Dolby AC-3 decoder in 16-bit integer assembler on new Analog Devices 16-bit integer AD1818 (PCI SoundComm). 20K+ lines of assembler source. Passed first round of Dolby testing on first try. Integrate with Euphonics’ Real-Time Kernel.

1998-1999, Silicon Valley, CA

Assist a startup specializing in real-time music software in its attempts to be acquired. Included introducing company staff to personal contacts in various music companies, and participating in various meetings.

1998-1998, Silicon Valley, CA, and southern CA

For a major chip manufacturer, I served as the sole outside member of the  due diligence technical team  evaluating a small but well-known synthesizer company ultimately acquired by the chip manufacturer. After visiting the synthesizer company's office with a team from my client, I provided a detailed written report on software, music synthesis chip architecture, and various management questions.

1996-1997, Digital Technics (DTI), Baltimore, MD.

Implementation of CCITT R2 telephony encoder/decoder (similar to DTMF) in Motorola 56002 assembler, based on Goertzel algorithm. 13K+ lines assembler. Deployed in the field in Asia and South America.

1996-1996, VM Labs, Los Altos, CA

For this multimedia chip startup, provide detailed comments on a proprietary DSP chip architecture.

1994-1995, Asia

For a major manufacturer of audio hardware, commissioned to write a study of audio over networks. Investigate and deliver a 40 page report touching on MIDI, ZIPI, 1394, PCMCIA, Ethernet, ATM, Lone Wolf, USB, and others.

1993-1995, Oculix, Switzerland

Motorola DSP 56000 assembler for numerical and FFT analysis of real-time data gathered by laser from the human eye. 150K sources.

1993-1994, Centigram Communications Corporation., Silicon Valley CA (apparently now part of SS8 Networks)

Port of speech synthesis code from TI TMS320E17 assembler to Motorola DSP 56002 assembler on Motorola PC Media card; port to Analog Devices ADSP 2115 assembler on Echo Personal Sound System.

1993-1994, Atari , Sunnyvale, CA

Implement physical modeling music synthesis techniques on custom RISC/DSP chip inside Jaguar. Prepare written comments on a new custom DSP architecture.

1993-1993, New England

For a US audio manufacturer, write audio recording, storage, and playback functions in assembler for Analog Devices ADSP 2105. Farmed out DAC/ADC device drivers to subcontractor.  Also farmed out front-panel code on Philips/Signetics 80C51 family of controllers to different subcontractor.

1993-1993, Euphonics, Boulder, CO

For this software music synthesizer company, write C routines to emulate certain hardware elements in the target system. This allowed the company to study aspects of caching parameter updates, for optimizing real-time performance.

1993-1993, Bay Area, CA

For a research project involving DSP architecture, write a series of Java classes to emulate the typical components of a DSP chip.

1987-1988, Shure, Evanston (now Niles), IL

Working from the written specification for a proprietary algorithm, develop C and TI TMS 32010 assembler for a multi-channel consumer audio product prototype.

1987-1988, NeXT, Inc., Silicon Valley, CA

NeXT Inc. Developed, debugged, and documented more than 50 routines in the Motorola DSP 56000 assembler vector library (with Julius O. Smith; source 2” thick.). While working off-site for over a year before NeXT was publicly released, maintain secrecy about the fact that NeXT would include a 56000 processor.

1986 or 1987, Sonic Solutions, San Francisco CA

As one of the first consultants hired by Sonic Solutions (located in their first office in San Francisco), port their C noise-reduction code from one flavor of Unix to another.

Other Experience

Studies of micro machining and Nan technology.

Experience with the Star Semiconductor SPROC chip, the IBM MWAVE chip and operating system, OS-9, and Spectron's SPOX operating system.

Expert Witness and Litigation Support Experience

Available upon request

Teaching Appointment

2003-2007
University of Colorado at Denver, College of Arts & Media, Denver, CO
Teach special topics course on audio data compression to upper-level undergraduate and graduate students, invited to return for academic year 2006-2007.

Major Publications

Available Upon Request

Professional Associations and Achievements

Assistant Editor, Computer Music Journal, 1978-1982. 

Co-founder (1980), International Computer Music Association.

Founder and Series Editor (1984-1996), The Computer Music and Digital Audio Series.

Conference Chair, 1987 Audio Engineering Society (AES) International Conference on Music and
Digital Technology (Los Angeles).

Technical Papers chair, 1992 AES Convention, San Francisco (first AES San Francisco Convention).

Technical Papers co-chair, 2002 AES convention, Los Angeles.

Elected member of the AES Board of Governors, 1992-1994; again 2005-2007.

Keynote Speaker, November 1996 Audio Engineering Society Convention.

Fellow (1996), Audio Engineering Society.

Honorary Member (1998), Midi Manufacturers Association (MMA).

Convention Chair, 2004 AES Convention, San Francisco. Recipient of an Anderson Award, Pro Sound News, December 2004, p. 30.

Convention Chair, 2006 AES Convention, San Francisco.

Technical presentations and session chair at various conferences such as Audio Engineering Society, Acoustical Society of America, International Computer Music Conference, DSP World.

Member of review board, Journal of the Audio Engineering Society.

Conference paper reviewer for many International Computer Music Conferences (ICMC).

Member, Acoustical Society of America. Senior Member, IEEE.

Further Qualifications

Functionally bilingual in German. Reading ability in French, Dutch. Some experience with Spanish, Italian, Japanese, Latin. Separate list of foreign language experience available on request. Extensive experience traveling abroad and communicating with foreigners. 

References

Available Upon Request

Patents

Available Upon Request